
Paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie (PNH)
1. Was ist die paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie (PNH)?
2. Epidemiologie
3. Pathophysiologie
4. Klinisches Bild
5. Diagnose und Laboranalytik

Klassifikation der PNH | Beschreibung | Behandlung |
Klassische PNH |
|
|
PNH im Kontext anderer Knochenmark- erkrankungen |
|
|
Subklinische PNH |
|
|
6. Welche Behandlungen gibt es heute?
Referenzen
Hillmen, P. et al. Pegcetacoplan versus Eculizumab in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria. N. Engl. J. Med. 384, 1028–1037 (2021).
Cançado, R. D. et al. Consensus statement for diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Hematol. Transfus. Cell Ther. 43, 341–348 (2021).
Hill, A., DeZern, A. E., Kinoshita, T. & Brodsky, R. A. Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primer 3, 17028 (2017).
Jalbert, J. J., Chaudhari, U., Zhang, H., Weyne, J. & Shammo, J. M. Epidemiology of PNH and Real-World Treatment Patterns Following an Incident PNH Diagnosis in the US. Blood 134, 3407–3407 (2019).
National Organization for Rare Disorders. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Abrufbar unter: https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/paroxysmal-nocturnal-hemoglobinuria/ Website vom 5. Januar 2023. Letzter Zugriff: 07.07.2023.
Ruiz-Argüelles, A. & Llorente, L. The role of complement regulatory proteins (CD55 and CD59) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemocytopenias. Autoimmun. Rev. 6, 155–161 (2007).
Risitano, A. M. et al. Anti-complement Treatment for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: Time for Proximal Complement Inhibition? A Position Paper From the SAAWP of the EBMT. Front. Immunol. 10, 1157 (2019).
Hill, A. et al. Effect of eculizumab on haemolysis-associated nitric oxide depletion, dyspnoea, and measures of pulmonary hypertension in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Br. J. Haematol. 149, 414–425 (2010).
Rho, H. & Wells, R. A. A Game of Clones: The Complex Interplay of Aplastic Anaemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria. Eur. Med. J. 108–115 (2018) doi:10.33590/emj/10312801.
Parker, C. J. Update on the diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Hematology 2016, 208–216 (2016).
Suttorp, N., Möckel, M., Siegmund, B. & Dietel, M. Harrisons Innere Medizin. (Thieme, 2022).
Drexler, B. Paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie – das Chamäleon der Hämatologie. Pipette - Swiss Lab. Med. 10–13 (2021).
Röth, A. & Dührsen, U. Treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in the era of eculizumab. Eur. J. Haematol. 87, 473–479 (2011).
Schrezenmeier, H. et al. Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik der Paroxysmalen nächtlichen Hämoglobinurie: deutsch – österreichischer Konsensus/Recommendations for the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a German-Austrian consensus. LaboratoriumsMedizin 35, 315–327 (2011).
Schrezenmeier, H. et al. Baseline clinical characteristics and disease burden in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH): updated analysis from the International PNH Registry. Ann. Hematol. 99, 1505–1514 (2020).
Haw, A. & Palevsky, H. I. Pulmonary hypertension in chronic hemolytic anemias: Pathophysiology and treatment. Respir. Med. 137, 191–200 (2018).
Hill, A., Kelly, R. J. & Hillmen, P. Thrombosis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood 121, 4985–4996; quiz 5105 (2013).
Hillmen, P. et al. Long-term effect of the complement inhibitor eculizumab on kidney function in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Am. J. Hematol. 85, 553–559 (2010).
Schrezenmeier, H. et al. Baseline characteristics and disease burden in patients in the International Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Registry. Haematologica 99, 922–929 (2014).
Röth, A. & Dührsen, U. Paroxysmale nächtliche Hämoglobinurie. Dtsch. Ärztebl. 104, (2007).
Sahin, F. et al. Pesg PNH diagnosis, follow-up and treatment guidelines. Am. J. Blood Res. 6, 19–27 (2016).
Brugger, N. et al. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography at rest for the diagnosis, screening and management of pulmonary hypertension. Swiss Med. Wkly. 151, w20486 (2021).
Devalet, B., Mullier, F., Chatelain, B., Dogné, J.-M. & Chatelain, C. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a review. Eur. J. Haematol. 95, 190–198 (2015).
Sharma, V. R. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: pathogenesis, testing, and diagnosis. Clin. Adv. Hematol. Oncol. HO 11 Suppl 13, 2–8 (2013).
Bektas, M., Copley-Merriman, C., Khan, S., Sarda, S. P. & Shammo, J. M. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: current treatments and unmet needs. J. Manag. Care Spec. Pharm. 26, S14–S20 (2020).
Fachinformation Soliris®. Stand der Information: April 2023. www.swissmedicinfo.ch. Zuletzt eingesehen: Juli 2023.
Fachinformation Ultomiris®. Stand der Information: Dezember 2022. www.swissmedicinfo.ch. Zuletzt eingesehen: Juli 2023.
Brodsky, R. A. Stem cell transplantation for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Haematologica 95, 855–856 (2010).
Brodsky, R. A. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood 124, 2804–2811 (2014).