Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Diagnosis
McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis are widely used in research and clinical practice. They have evolved over time and it is anticipated that, in 2025, newly revised diagnostic criteria will become available for MS1,2.
References
- Butzkueven H, Giovannoni G, Arkelsten S, Comi G, Costello K, Devlin M, Drulovic J, Gray E, Haartsen J, Helme A, Hlavácová J, Kasilingan E, Liu Y, Mathew T, Reyes S, de Sèze J, Williams MJ. Brain health – Time matters. 2024 Report. https://www.msbrainhealth.org
- Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, Carroll WM, Coetzee T, Comi G, Correale J, Fazekas F, Filippi M, Freedman MS, Fujihara K, Galetta SL, Hartung HP, Kappos L, Lublin FD, Marrie RA, Miller AE, Miller DH, Montalban X, Mowry EM, Sorensen PS, Tintoré M, Traboulsee AL, Trojano M, Uitdehaag BMJ, Vukusic S, Waubant E, Weinshenker BG, Reingold SC, Cohen JA. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018; 17(2): 162–173. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30470-2
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